Fisheries (Alternative B) Waec Syllabus

Below is this 2025 Waec Syllabus for Fisheries (Alternative B). Note that this syllabus is for both internal and external candidates.

Aims and Objectives

the importance of fisheries in the socio-economic development of West Africa
skills in fish farming
basic entrepreneurial skills in fisheries-related vocations
the effects of water pollution on fishery resources
fish preservation and processing techniques

Scheme of Examination

There will be three papers, Papers 1, 2 and 3, all of which must be taken. Papers 1 and 2 will be a composite paper to be taken at one sitting.

PAPER 1: Will consist of forty multiple choice objective questions, all of which should be answered within 40 minutes for 40 marks.

PAPER 2: Will consist of six essay questions. Candidates will be required to

Answer four questions within 2 hours for 80 marks.

PAPER 3: This will be a practical paper for school candidates and an alternative to a practical work paper for private candidates. Each version of the paper will consist of four questions, all of which should be answered within 1½ hours for 60 marks.

REQUIREMENTS

Schools offering Fisheries must have at least a small glass/plastic tank/aquarium and a fish pond/concrete tank.
The study should be supplemented by visits to well-established fish farms, fisheries research institutions, fishing companies and other institutions related to fisheries.
It is recommended that candidates keep practical notebooks which should contain records of activities based on laboratory and individual observations carried out in glass tanks/aquaria and fish farms, field trips and also records of specimens collected.
Schools should prepare an album of fishery organisms, fishing gear and craft and different fish-rearing facilities and equipment for teaching purposes.

Detailed Fisheries (Alternative B) Syllabus

BASIC CONCEPTS IN FISHERIES

Introduction to Fisheries
- Meaning of fisheries
- Sub-divisions of fisheries
Importance of fisheries

PROCESSES OF FISH PRODUCTION

Capture fisheries
- Different methods involved in capture fisheries.
- Materials required for capture fisheries and their uses
Culture fisheries
- Identification of common qualities of culturable fish species
- Identification of common culturable fishery organisms
- Culture facilities

TYPES OF FISH CULTURE FACILITIES AND CULTURE SYSTEMS

Fish ponds
- Types of fish ponds
- Components of fish ponds
Systems of aquaculture
- Types of aquaculture
- Management systems in aquaculture
Water quality control and monitoring
- Definition of water quality
- Water quality parameters
- Methods of monitoring water quality
- Water pollution
- Optimum water parameter ranges

FISH FEEDS AND FEEDING

Fish feed/food materials
- Identification of different fish feed/food materials
- Nutritive value of fish feed ingredients
Fish feeding
- Feeding regime for fish
- Ideal feeding periods for fish
- Methods of feeding

FISH POND PREPARATION AND MANAGEMENT

Fish pond construction
Pond preparation
- Tools required for pond preparation
- Preparation of ponds for stocking
Pond management
- Meaning of pond management
- Pond management practices

FISH HARVESTING AND POST-HARVESTING PROCESSES

Materials and methods for harvesting fish
- Fishing gear
- Construction and mending of fishing gear.
- Methods of fish harvesting
- Fishing crafts
Post-harvest handling of fish
- Materials and methods for processing fish
- Methods of fish preservation
- Packaging materials for fish
- Marketing channels for fish

FISH SEED PRODUCTION

Brood stock selection and handling
- Differences between male and female sexually mature fishes
- Qualities of good breeders
- Ways of handling brood stock
Artificial breeding
- Meaning and importance of artificial breeding.
- Steps involved in the artificial breeding of fishes.
- Equipment and materials used in the artificial breeding of fish
Managing and nursing fish seed

PRACTICAL FISHERIES

FISH CULTURE
- Environmental conditions in fish habitats
- Tools and equipment used in fish culture.
- Common culturable fish species
- Fish feed and materials
- Materials for pond preparation
FISHING GEAR AND CRAFT
- Fishing gear
- Fishing craft
ISH PROCESSING AND PRESERVATION
- Fish processing and preservation
- Equipment used in fish processing and preservation
- Fish products and by-products
- Fish packaging materials

LIST OF FACILITIES AND MAJOR EQUIPMENT

Equipment / Quantity Required
- DO(Dissolved Oxygen) meter : 2
- pH meter: 2
- Conductivity meter : 2
- Thermometer : 50
- Water Test Kits : 2
- Microscopes : 4
- Magnifying Glass : 30
- Aquaria Tanks : 5
- Hatching Troughs : 5
- Nursery Tanks/Ponds : 3
- Demonstration Ponds : 1 or more
- Scoop Nets : 10
- Aerators and Accessories : 10
- Plastic Sieves : 10
- Compounded Feeds : many bags
- Grinding Machines : 2
- Charts and Pictures : Assorted
- Video Clips in Fisheries : Assorted
- Pelleting Machine : 1
- Dissection Kits : 2
- Water pumps : 2
- Secchi Disc : 2
- Model Gillnet : 1
- Model Cast net : 1
- Model Siene net : 1
- Model traps : Assorted
- Model hooks and line : 2
- Model trawl net : 1
- Netting materials : Assorted
- Hooks packets : 20
- Nylon ropes : 1
- Mounting twine : 1
- Canoe : 1
- Paddles : 2
- Gutting knives : 10
- Measuring boards : 5
- Weighing balances : 2
- Hand gloves : 30
- Freezers : 2
- Ovens : 2
- Kilns : 2
- Fish drying racks : 2
- Fish boxes : 5
- Salting trays/basins : 5
- Sun-drying mats : 5
- Cardboards box : 5
- Nylon : 10 (bundles)
- Baskets : 10

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