Chemistry Waec Syllabus

Below is this 2025 Waec Syllabus for Chemistry. Note that this syllabus is for both internal and external candidates.

Aims and Objectives

No published Aims and Objectives.

Scheme of Examination

Detailed Chemistry Syllabus

INTRODUCTION TO CHEMISTRY
- Measurement of physical quantities
- Scientific measurements and their importance in chemistry.
- Scientific Methods
STRUCTURE OF THE ATOM
- Gross features of the atom.
- Atomic number/proton number, number of neutrons, isotopes, atomic mass, mass number.
STANDARD SEPARATION TECHNIQUES FOR MIXTURES
- Classification of mixtures.
- Separation techniques
- Criteria for purity.
PERIODIC CHEMISTRY
- Periodicity of the elements.
- Different categories of elements in the periodic table.
- Periodic law:
  - Trends on periodic table;
  - Periodic gradation of the elements in the third period (Na – Ar)
CHEMICAL BONDS
- Interatomic bonding
- Formation of ionic bonds and compounds.
- Naming of ionic compounds
- Formation of covalent bonds and compounds
- Properties of covalent compounds
- Coordinate (dative) covalent bonding
- Other properties of transition metals should include:
  - variable oxidation states
  - formation of coloured compounds
  - complex formation
  - catalytic abilities
  - paramagnetism
  - hardness
STOICHIOMETRY AND CHEMICAL REACTIONS
- Symbols, formulae and equations
- chemical symbols
- Empirical and molecular formulae
- Chemical equations and IUPAC names of chemical compounds
- Laws of chemical combination
- Amount of substance
STATES OF MATTER
- Kinetic theory of matter.
- Changes of state of matter.
- Diffusion
ENERGY AND ENERGY CHANGES
- Energy and enthalpy
- Description, definition and illustrations of energy changes and their effects
ACIDS, BASES AND SALTS
- Definitions of acids and bases.
- Physical and chemical properties of acids and bases.
- Acids, bases and salts as electrolytes
- Classification of acids and bases.
- Concept of pH
SOLUBILITY OF SUBSTANCES
- General principles
- Practical application of solubility.
CHEMICAL KINETICS AND EQUILIBRIUM SYSTEM
- Rate of reactions:
  - Factors affecting rates;
  - Theories of reaction rates;
  - Analysis and interpretation of graphs.
- Equilibrium:
  - General Principle;
REDOX REACTIONS
- Oxidation and reduction process.
- Oxidizing and reducing agents.
- Redox equations
- Electrochemical cells:
  - (Standard electrode potential;
  - Drawing of cell diagram and writing cell notation.
CHEMISTRY OF CARBON COMPOUNDS
- Classification
- Functional group
- Separation and purification of organic compounds.
- Petroleum/crude oil
CHEMISTRY, INDUSTRY AND THE ENVIRONMENT
- Chemical industry
BASIC BIOCHEMISTRY AND SYNTHETIC POLYMERS
- Proteins:
  - Sources and properties;
  - Uses of protein.
- Amino acids

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